A gridded version of the GLiM is available at the PANGEA Database ( 10.1594/PANGAEA.788537). The GLiM enables regional analysis of Earth surface processes at global scales. The high resolution of the GLiM allows observation of regional lithological distributions which often vary from the global average. According to the GLiM, the Earth is covered by 64% sediments (a third of which are carbonates), 13% metamorphics, 7% plutonics, and 6% volcanics, and 10% are covered by water or ice. The additional two levels contain 12 and 14 subclasses, respectively, which describe more specific rock attributes. The first level contains 16 lithological classes comparable to previously applied definitions in global lithological maps. The lithological classification consists of three levels. The GLiM represents the rock types of the Earth surface with 1,235,400 polygons. A new high resolution global lithological map (GLiM) was assembled from existing regional geological maps translated into lithological information with the help of regional literature. Understanding these processes at the global scale requires a high resolution description of lithology. It plays a key role in many processes at the Earth surface, especially the fluxes of matter to soils, ecosystems, rivers, and oceans. Adverse events, other than hypoglycemia, are dizzines, asthenia, headache, and nausea.Lithology describes the geochemical, mineralogical, and physical properties of rocks. Use in hepatic insufficiency: No studies were performed in patients with hepatic insufficiency. Use in renal insufficiency: A starting dose of 1 mg glimepiride may be given to NIDDM patients with kidney disease, and the dose may be titrated based on fasting blood glucose levels. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function. The drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Geriatric use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between elderly and adult subjects, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. Pediatric use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established. It may be necessary to interrupt treatment to avoid additive effects which would increase the risk of hypoglycaemia. Any dose increase should be in accordance with guideline given above in initial dose and dose titration.Ĭonsideration must be given to the potency and duration of action of the previous blood sugar lowering agent. When substituting Glimepride for other such agents, the initial daily dose is 1 mg this applies even in changeover from the maximum dose of other oral blood sugar lowering agents. To avoid hypoglycaemia, timely dose reduction or cessation of Glims therapy must be considered.A dose adjustment must also be considered whenever the patient's weight or life style changes, or other factors arise which cause an increased susceptibility to hypo- or hyperglycaemia.Ĭhangeover from other oral antidiabetics to Glims: There is no exact dosage relationship between Glims and other oral blood sugar lowering agents. Secondary dosage adjustment: As the control of diabetes improves, sensitivity to insulin increases therefore, Glims requirement may fall as treatment proceeds. It is very important not to skip meals after taking the drug. This should be taken immediately before a substantial breakfast or - if none is taken - immediately before the first main meals. Normally, a single daily dose is sufficient. Any increase can be based on regular blood sugar monitoring, and should be gradual, i.e., at intervals of one to two weeks and carried out step wise at follows: 1 mg-2 mg-3 mg-4 mg-6 mg.ĭose range in patients with well controlled diabetes: Usual dose range in patients with well controlled diabetes is 1 to 4 mg daily.ĭistribution of doses: Timing and distribution of doses are decided by the physician, in consideration of the patient's current life style. If necessary, the daily dose can be increased. Initial dose and dose titration: Usual initial dose is 1 mg once daily. Monitoring of glucose levels in blood and urine also serves to detect either primary or secondary failure of therapy.
The initial and the maintenance doses are set based on the results of regular checking of glucose in blood and urine. The dosage of Glims must be the lowest which is sufficient to achieve the desired metabolic control. In principle, the dosage of Glims is governed by the desired blood sugar level.
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